PROBLEMS AND SPECIFICS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION MARKET SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: REGIONAL PRACTICES

Medushevskaya Inna Evgen'evna, Candidate of economic sciences, associate professor, sub-department of economics and finances, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Penza branch) (33b Kalinina street, Penza, Russia), iem1616@ mail.ru

338.242.2

Background. The modern Russian educational system is in a state of modernization. Since 2013, after adoption of the new law on the education system of primary and secondary education there has taken place a number of strategic and structural changes. Modern realities of regional labor markets have exposed the problem of shortage of workers and technical personnel, whose training is carried out by educational institutions of secondary vocational education. In the Penza region, a number of such organizations over the past three years has decreased by one third. The purpose of the article is to study the problems and specific services of the vocational education market in the Russian Federation by the example of the Penza region.
Materials and methods. Implementation of the research tasks was achieved through the analysis of market of secondary vocational education services in the Russian Federation by the example of the Penza region. The author used such general economic methods as dialectical, abstraction, analysis, induction, modeling, and such statistical methods as the method of comparison, a sociological survey and others.
Results. The researcher explored the market of vocational education services and revealed its problems. The author points out an imbalance of supply and demand in the market of educational services. The structure of vocational education in the Penza region over the past 10-15 years has unfairly biased towards higher education and reflects the new social reality of Russia. The author analyzed the reasons of low demand for educational programs of vocational education, described the problems that arise in the market of vocational education services in the Penza region, and formulated amin directions of the regional educational policy, as well as practical recommendations to solve the problems.
Conclusions. The study reveals the problems and reflects the specifics of the market of vocational education service in the Russian Federation by the example of the Penza region. The research has discovered that the shortage of workers and technical personnel in the Russian Federation is associated with an imbalance in the educational market, a low demand of educational institutions’ graduates for programs of vocational education and an increased demand for the services of universities. It is necessary to adjust the regional policy in the field of education in view of the problems identified. Practical recommendations have been offered.

vocational education, education market, factors and causes of low demand for educational services, modern problems of vocational education.

1. Medushevskaya I. E. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie aspekty sovremennogo razvitiya Rossii: sb. st. III Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Socioeconomic aspects of modern development of Russia: collected articles of III All-Russian scientific and practical conference]. Penza: PDZ, 2006, pp. 51–53.
2. Skvortsova V. A. Intellektual'nyy kapital v usloviyakh stanovleniya post-industrial'noy ekonomiki: avtoref. dis. d-ra ekonom. nauk [Intellectual capital in conditions of post-indutrial economy establishment: author’s abstract of dissertation to apply for the degree of the doctor of economic sciences]. 2004, 49 p.
3. Skvortsova V. A., Sharypina L. E. Izvestiya Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo peda-gogicheskogo un-ta im. V. G. Belinskogo [Proceedings of Penza State Pedagogical Uni-versity named after V.G. Belinsky]. 2012, no. 28, pp. 566–568.
4. Medushevskaya I. E., Brysina V. S. Ekonomika i obshchestvo: problemy i perspektivy modernizatsii v Rossii: monogr. [Economy and society: problems and prospects of mod-ernization in Moscow: monograph]. Penza: Izd-vo PGU, 2013, pp. 590–609.
5. Zagrebin S. S. Innovatsionnoe razvitie professional'nogo obrazovaniya: nauch.-prakt. zhurnal [Innovative development of vocational education: scientific and practical jour-nal]. 2012, no. 1 (01), pp. 10–14.
6. Ob obrazovanii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii: feder. zakon ot 29.12.2012 № 273 FZ [On ed-ucation in the Russian Federation: federal law from 29.12.2012 № 273 FZ]. “Consul-tantPlus” reference system. Available at: www.garant.ru/
7. Ofitsial'nyy sayt Ministerstva truda, sotsial'noy zashchity i demografii [Official website of the Ministry of labor, social protection and demography]. Available at: http://www.rosmintrud.ru/.
8. Medushevskaya I. E., Zubkova Yu. A. Upravlenie reformirovaniem sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya predpriyatiy, otrasley, regionov: sb. nauch. st. V Mezhdu-nar. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Socioeconomic development reformation management of enterprises, sectors, regions: collected articles of V International scientific and practical conference]. Penza, 2014, p. 85.
9. Brysina V. S., Medushevskaya I. E. Otkrytye innovatsii – vklad molodezhi v razvitie re-giona: sb. materialov regional'nogo molodezhnogo foruma (g. Penza, 6 dekabrya 2013 g.): v 2 t. [Open innovations – contribution of youth to regional development: proced-dings of the Regional youth forum (Penza, 6 December 2013): in 2 volumes]. Penza: Izd-vo PGU, 2013, vol. 2, pp. 69–74.
10. Medushevskaya I. E. Nauchnye issledovaniya i razrabotki. Ekonomika [Scientific re-searches and developments. Economics]. 2014, vol. 2, no. 1 (7), pp. 34–43.
11. Medushevskaya I. E. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie podkhody v reshenii problem razvitiya regiona : sb. st. po materialam mezhvuz. nauch.-prakt. konf. (6–7 dekabrya 2013 g.) [Socioeconomic approaches to solve regional development problems: collected articles of the Interregional scientific and practice conference (6-7 December 2013)]. Tula: Tul'skiy filial Finansovogo un-ta pri Pravitel'stve RF, 2013, pp. 18–21.
12. Tokman O. A. Spros i predlozhenie na rynke truda i rynke obrazovatel'nykh uslug v re-gionakh Rossii: sb. dokladov po materialam Vseros. nauch.-prakt. internet-konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem [Demand and offer in the labor market and educational services market in Russian regions: collected articles of the All-Russian scientific and practical online-conference with international participation]. Petrozavodsk: PetrGU, 2004, bk. III, 268 p.
13. Gusyatnikova A. G., Medushevskaya I. E. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Po-volzhskiy region. Ekonomicheskie nauki [University proceedings. Volga region. Eco-nomic sciences]. 2014, no. 1, pp. 89–105.
14. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Penzenskoy oblasti ot 03.12.2007 № 806-pP [Decree of the Penza region government from 03.12.2007 № 806-pP]. Available at: www.garant.ru/
15. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Penzenskoy oblasti ot 10.10.2013 № 759 pP [Decree of the Penza region government from 10.10.2013 № 759 pP]. Available at: www.garant.ru/